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By Kathryn Braun, Kitty O. Locker, Stephen Kyo Kaczmarek. The text prepares students for success in a variety of pro… Read More. Add to Wish List. Purchase Options Request Review Access. Request More Info. Table of contents. The current buzz word among sports writers for this is fleer, denoting a softly hit ball that falls between the infield and the outfield where neither player can reach the ball. I recently saw a stat on the number of fleers that a team gave up during a season.
Our coach uses the term hitting the seam when he wants us to hit a ball between the infield and the outfield. Our fans just call that a hit. Topics Discussed by the Team In games, topics focus on the team and how we are doing. Some topics come up in practice but not in games. Loses are never discussed during games. Most social communication occurs during practices. It was great. Should the U.
What's happening there is awful, but it's not our job to fix it. We had a hard time with turning two the other night. Some topics would be inappropriate both in games and in practices. Cursing is another form of language that doesn't occur on this team. Most Christians believe that curse words are inappropriate if not immoral.
I thought he was having some problems after getting laid off, but I never realized he was having that sort of problem. Even when a topic is not seen as immoral or offensive, it may be inappropriate if few players would be interested in it or if not everyone is educated enough to discuss it. For example, I had an Astronomy class last quarter which taught the Pauli theory.
This theory would be inappropriate to discuss since not everyone is interested in or understands nuclear physics and chemistry. Communication Channels and Messages Face-to-face oral communication is the most widely used channel. In practices, one person usually the coach often speaks to many people at a time, telling the team what to do in certain situations or instructing the team in the best way to swing a bat.
During games, many people may simultaneously tell a player where to throw the ball. Both these channels carry authoritarian messages, with no expectation of verbal feedback. Those doing the telling aren't giving suggestions or emotional support; they are giving the person with the ball an order. Cheering may be designed to elicit nonverbal, not verbal, feedback, but its messages are supportive and motivational, not informational or directive.
Social communication usually has more people speaking. People are expected to respond in words to what other people say; everyone has the opportunity to speak. Nonverbal communication is common. In administrative and social communication, nonverbal usually augments verbal channels, but it can substitute for verbal cues during practical communication during a game or practice.
For example, when the coach at third base wants to signal a base runner to keep going, he waves his arms in a circle. When he wants the runner to stop, he puts both hands out in front of him. These channels differ from other discourse communities of which the same people are a part. For example, the church finance committee uses written reports and letters, and many members of the softball team are on the finance committee.
Perhaps the difference is that the softball team is less formal. Locker 4 August 21, lineup for a game, the schedule, or even the won-loss record--may not be saved when the season is over.
Authority, Facts, and Credibility in This Community Authority during games is divided between the coach and the umpire. The coach assigns positions, determines the batting order, and tells a base runner whether to keep running. The umpire has the final say on whether a pitch is a ball or strike and whether a runner is safe or out.
Team members rarely challenge a decision openly during a game. Semanticists believe that only observations are facts. However, on our team, a Afact can be anything the majority of players believe to be true, even though this belief is based on what someone says. If someone who knows a great deal about the game says that a base runner was safe when the umpire called him out, most of the teammates would agree that the runner was indeed safe but that the umpire made the wrong call.
Semantics would say that the team's theory that the runner was safe was an inference, not a fact. In semantics, inferences are things that individuals can prove to be true.
An inference for this softball team is a belief or theory about something based on observations. For example, if a player pops up every time he bats, he is probably dropping his back shoulder. However, the person inferring the cause hasn't consciously observed the dropped shoulder; instead, the inference could be based on knowledge of the game and reading.
Making valid inferences is one way to gain credibility. Baseball is America's pastime, and softball is our church's pastime. It's fun for the whole family.
All they do is come and watch grown men relive their youth. For the men on the team, it's like playing on the majors. Well, almost. The season is over now; the softball bats need to be stored away for next year. Winter will soon be here. Then one warm spring day, the team will decide to have practice. That's when the fun begins.
Anyone who is overweight can join the program by paying an initial service fee and then a weekly membership fee. The main purpose of Weight Watchers is to help people lose weight safely. To a certain extent, each class is a subculture, since different leaders have different styles. I will analyze the culture of the Wednesday night group in Bexley. Members sometimes talk about their problems with the leader at the scales, but since there is usually a line, the leader asks people who have time-consuming concerns to stay after the meeting.
After they've weighed in, members sit in chairs arranged in rows. Some people talk to each other; some people read the materials. After everyone is weighed, the leader gives an inspiring minute talk on our struggle to lose weight. She opens by telling her name and the story of her own weight loss. My leader lost pounds three years ago as a Weight Watchers member.
Next, the leader usually asks how the past week went, what went well, and whether people used the strategies from the previous week. Each meeting has a topic: dealing with holidays, handling stress, finding ways to overcome setbacks. Sometimes the lecturer does most of the talking; sometimes members ask a lot of questions and share concerns and strategies with each other.
Learning about the Organization New members receive a booklet that talks not only about losing weight but also about the Weight Watchers philosophy.
Later on, the member will get other booklets--on exercise, dining out, and dealing with eating challenges. Sometimes the leader distributes handouts, either official Weight Watchers information or things she has brought. A free newsletter is distributed once a month. Members can buy cookbooks and subscribe to the Weight Watchers magazine.
Locker 2 September 23, Oral and interpersonal channels are even more important. Members are encouraged to get to know each other. Although the leader often lectures, questions and discussion are encouraged.
There's lots of informal discussion at the scales and after meetings. Visual channels are also used. Sometimes leaders bring food to be weighed or measured to discuss portion size.
Admit to yourself that you have a weight problem. Establish the desire to lose weight. Establish the dedication to stick with the program by following the diet and attending the meetings.
Learn to like yourself. People who expect immediate success or who have not come to terms with their feelings and their bodies are less likely to be successful, even if they initially lose weight. Someone who failed the program is a woman who lost 30 pounds in four months and then gained it all back plus 20 additional pounds.
She allowed a personal crisis to throw her off course, and she never got back on the program. Now she hates the way she looks. She complains about her weight but does nothing about it. She could have continued to come to meetings and turned to the group for the support she needed to get through a stressful situation.
She feels that Weight Watchers failed her, but really she failed Weight Watchers. If people follow the plan closely, it works. Cheating on the diet defeats the purpose. A woman who joined six weeks ago has only lost half a pound.
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